ABSTRACT: The pequi has an almond with interesting chemical characteristics, such as considerable proportions of proteins and lipids that can be applied in several products aiming to use this agro-industrial residue. This research tookadvantage of the almond for the development of sweet paçoca with different concentrations of pequi almond, containing 0% (PA), 25% (P1), 50% (P2), 75% (P3), and 100% (P4) in place of peanuts. The paçocas were evaluated for proximate parameters and water activity, mineral content, color parameters, microbiological characteristics, and texture profile. The results for aw ranged from 0.48 to 0.52. In the proximate composition, it was observed that with the increase of the almond flour there was a difference in the ash, moisture, and protein contents. Due to the almond roasting process, the paçocas of pequi presented the darkest color. Pequi almond paçocas showed better protein value than peanut paçoca and higher levels of P and Mg. In addition, they present better elasticity, chewability, and cohesiveness.

RESUMO: O pequi possui uma amêndoa com características químicas interessantes, como proporções consideráveis de proteínas e lipídios que podem ser aplicadas em diversos produtos visando o aproveitamento desse resíduo agroindustrial. O objetivo deste trabalho foi aproveitar a amêndoa para o desenvolvimento de paçoca doce com diferentes concentrações de amêndoa de pequi, contendo 0% (PA), 25% (P1), 50% (P2), 75% (P3), e 100% (P4). As paçocas foram avaliadas quanto aos parâmetros centesimais e atividade de água, teor de minerais, parâmetros de cor, características microbiológicas e perfil de textura. Os resultados para aw variaram de 0,48 a 0,52. Na composição centesimal, observou-se que com o aumento da farinha de amêndoa houve diferença nos teores de cinzas, umidade e proteína. Devido ao processo de torrefação da amêndoa, as paçocas de pequi apresentaram cor mais escura. A paçoca de amêndoa de pequi apresentou melhor valor proteico que a paçoca de amendoim e maiores teores de P e Mg. Além disso, apresentaram melhor elasticidade, mastigabilidade e coesividade.

Abstract This study aimed to develop biodegradable films from pectin extracted from pequi mesocarp and commercial pectin. The films were produced using the casting technique and characterized in terms of their physical, water-related, mechanical, thermal, optical, and microstructural properties. The highest yield of pectin extracted from pequi (26.6%) was obtained using 4% citric acid, a temperature of 80 °C, and an extraction time of 160 min. Commercial-pectin films had a smoother and more regular surface than pequi-pectin films. Pequi-pectin films had higher moisture content (36.25%) and water solubility (76.99%) than commercial pectin films. Pequi-pectin films also showed lower luminosity (55.67*) and higher values of a* (11.56), b*(27.35), opacity (10.67), and Young modulus (82.16 Mpa) than commercial-pectin films. The films exhibited similar thermal behavior, highlighting the presence of exothermic and endothermic peaks for both samples. In the biodegradability tests, both films proved to be 100% biodegradable in four days. The pectin extracted from the pequi mesocarp showed potential for the production of biodegradable films, and this discovery opens up new possibilities for using this byproduct as a raw material for the production of sustainable food packaging.

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of drying treatment on the characteristics physical, chemical, technological properties and bioactive of turmeric flour. The flour was obtained from the drying of rhizomes in a forced air circulation oven at temperatures of 45, 55, 65 and 75 °C. The analyzes performed were: pH, instrumental color, microstructure, granulometry, water and oil absorption indices, water solubility indices, and antioxidant activity. The characteristics of the flours significantly affected were moisture, protein, lipid and ash contents. The antioxidant capacity with the DPPH radical, for flour at the drying temperature of 45 °C, presented the highest value 36.55 Mmol Trolox g-1, and 7686.32 Mmol FeSO4 g-1 the FRAP radical at 65 °C.The phenolic content varied according to the solvent applied to obtain the extract, the mean values of total phenolic compounds for each temperature were: 0.419, 0.332, 0.316, 0.283 mg GAEa 100 g-1for temperatures 45, 55, 65 and 75°C respectively. Water solubility index (WSI) and oil absorption index ranged from 12.45 g g-1 to 11.78 g g-1 and from 2.54 g g-1 to 2.49 g g-1, respectively, for temperatures of 45 °C and 75 °C. The results of the present study indicated that temperature influences the physicochemical and technological properties of turmeric flour.

RESUMO: Frutas nativas são economicamente importantes para pequenos produtores, e são uma parte importante da dieta de várias comunidades. Portanto, estudos pós-colheita desses frutos são essenciais. Além disso, pesquisas envolvendo sua composição química podem identificar substâncias que agregam valor potencial às frutas, principalmente do ponto de vista nutricional e medicinal. Este estudo caracterizou os frutos do arbusto muricizeiro (Byrsonima crassifolia, Malpighiaceae), que foram colhidos de plantas nativas em propriedades particulares e armazenados por 16 dias em temperatura média de 12 °C. Os frutos foram avaliados durante o armazenamento em vista da: atividade de eliminação de radicais 2,2-difenil-1-picril-hidrazil (DPPH), conteúdo de ácido ascórbico, fenólicos e carotenoides totais, perfil de carotenoides, conteúdo de glicose, frutose e sacarose. No geral, a temperatura em que os frutos foram armazenados foi eficaz para manter a qualidade do fruto. No entanto, o teor de ácido ascórbico dos frutos diminuiu durante o período de armazenamento. Os resultados mostraram que os frutos apresentaram alta capacidade antioxidante, possivelmente pela presença de compostos fenólicos e carotenoides. Também é importante destacar que esta fruta é fonte de vitamina A, devido à alta concentração de β-caroteno.

ABSTRACT: Native fruits are economically important to small producers, and they are a important part of the diet of several communities. Therefore, postharvest studies of these fruits are essential. In addition, research involving their chemical composition can identify substances that add potential value to the fruits, especially from a nutritional and medicinal standpoint. This study characterized the fruits of the muricizeiro shrub (Byrsonima crassifolia, Malpighiaceae), which were harvested from native plants on private properties and stored for 16 days at a mean temperature of 12 °C. The fruits were evaluated during storage for: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, ascorbic acid content, phenolics and carotenoids total, carotenoids profile, glucose, fructose and sucrose contents. Overall, the temperature that the fruits were storage at was effective at maintaining the quality of the fruit. However, the ascorbic acid content of the fruits did decrease during the storage period. Results showed that the fruits had a high antioxidant capacity, possibly because of the presence of phenolic compounds and carotenoids. It is also important to highlight that this fruit is source of vitamin A, owing to the high concentration of β-carotene.